What is an I-9 worksite enforcement action?

An I-9 worksite enforcement action (commonly called an ICE raid) is a formal inspection carried out by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) at an employer's workplace to verify compliance with immigration hiring laws, specifically I-9 documentation requirements and the employment of work-authorized individuals.

What should an employer do if ICE arrives at the workplace?

Remain calm, ask to see the warrant, contact legal counsel immediately, limit ICE access to only what the warrant specifies, document everything (time, agents present, areas accessed), do not interrogate or terminate employees, and protect employees throughout the process.

What are the penalties for I-9 violations?

Civil fines for I-9 paperwork violations range from $272 to $2,745 per form. Pattern violations can result in fines up to $27,018 per unauthorized worker. Knowingly hiring unauthorized workers can result in criminal charges, fines, and imprisonment.

Can ICE raid a small business?

Yes. ICE does not limit enforcement actions to large enterprises. Any business that employs workers in the United States is subject to I-9 audits and worksite inspections, regardless of company size or industry.

How long must employers retain I-9 forms?

Employers must retain I-9 forms for three years after the date of hire, or one year after the date employment ends, whichever is later.

Employer’s Complete Guide to I-9 Compliance and ICE Worksite Enforcement in 2026 - Compliance Avenue

ICE Raids & I-9 Compliance in 2026: What Every Employer Must Know Before It’s Too Late | Compliance Avenue

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